虽然技术、工艺和材料在不同的时期有不同的变化，但是有效的静电控制程序的设计与实施仍然是基于以下五个概念 把静电保护设计到元件和产品内 设计你的元件、产品和装配，使其更合理的避免静电放电(ESD)的作用。可能的话，使用对静电不敏感的元件，或者对你使用的那些静电放电敏感的元件提供适当的输入保护。这里相互矛盾的是，先进的生产技术意味着更小型化和更复杂的几何形状，通常对ESD更为敏感。可是，在产品设计建立越多的ESD控制，其后将发生的问题越少。

 

Although the technology, process and material in different periods have different changes, but the design and implementation of effective static control program is still based on the following five concepts to design the electrostatic protection components and products within the design of your components, products and assembly, making it more reasonable to avoid the role of electrostatic discharge (ESD). It is possible to provide an appropriate input for the use of an electrostatic insensitive element, or the use of an electrostatic discharge sensitive element. The paradox here is that advanced production technology means more compact and more complex geometries, which are usually more sensitive to ESD. However, the more ESD control in the product design, the less it will happen.

 

2、消除产生静电的材料与过程

 

2, eliminate the material and process of generating static electricity

 

很明显，产品设计不是完整的答案。你不可以逃避ESD元件和产品，但是可以减少或消除静电放电的产生与积累。首先要从工作环境中尽可能地减少或消除许多静电产生的工序或材料，如普通塑料。因为ESD不会发生在保持相同电势或零电势的材料之间，所以工作环境中的工序或材料应该保持在相同的静电电势。通常，这些导电或驱散材料应该电气连接到相同的公共地，如电气地线。另外，提供地线给静电手环带、地板或工作台表面，安全地减少放电产生与积累。

 

Obviously, the product design is not a complete answer. You can not escape the ESD components and products, but can reduce or eliminate the generation and accumulation of electrostatic discharge. First of all, to reduce or eliminate a number of static electricity generation process or material, such as ordinary plastic. Because ESD does not occur in the same potential or zero potential between the materials, so the work environment in the process or material should be kept in the same electrostatic potential. Usually, these conductive or disperse materials should be electrically connected to the same public ground, such as the electrical ground wire. In addition, to provide ground wire to the electrostatic bracelet, floor or working table surface, safe to reduce discharge and accumulation.

 

因为静电的所有产生是不可能完全消除的，所以我们的第三条原则是，安全地驱散或中和那些要发生的静电放电。适当的接地和导电性或驱散性的材料起主要作用。例如，带静电进入工作环境的工人可通过带静电手环或穿戴ESD控制的工作鞋踏过ESD地板垫来消除自己身上的静电，将静电传到地线，而不是对敏感元件放电。对一些物体，如普通塑料和其它绝缘体，接地不能消除静电放电。通常，利用离子作用来中和这些绝缘材料上的放电。离子作用过程产生正负离子，吸引到放电物体表面，因此有效地中和静电放电。

 

Because all the static electricity generated is not completely eliminated, so our third principle is to safely disperse or neutralize the electrostatic discharge to occur. The proper grounding and electrical conductivity or the material of the dispersion plays a major role. For example, with static electricity into the working environment of workers through with electrostatic bracelet or wear ESD control work shoes stepped on the ESD floor mats to eliminate their electrostatic, electrostatic reached the ground, rather than the sensitive discharge element. For some objects, such as ordinary plastic and other insulators, grounding can not eliminate electrostatic discharge. In general, the discharge of these insulating materials is used to neutralize these insulating materials. The ion action process is produced by the positive and negative ions, which attract the surface of the discharge object, so that it can effectively neutralize the electrostatic discharge.

 

4、提供对静电放电的物理保护

 

4, to provide for the physical protection of electrostatic discharge

 

我们的第四个原则是防止要发生的静电放电接触到敏感元件和装配。一个方法是，对元件和装配提供适当的接地或分流，使任何放电从产品分散开。第二个方法是，在适当的包装材料中包装和运输敏感元件。这些材料可有效地将产品屏蔽开静电，减少由于包装内任何产品移动而产生的静电。

 

Our fourth principle is to prevent the occurrence of electrostatic discharge from contact to sensitive components and assembly. One method is that the components and the assembly are provided with proper grounding or shunt, so that any discharge from the product is dispersed. The second method is to pack and transport sensitive components in appropriate packaging materials. These materials can effectively shield the product from static electricity and reduce the static electricity generated by any product in the packaging.

 

5、检测你的过程与环境。

 

5, test your process and environment.

 

例如，利用场强计(field meter)检测是否有可能产生ESD危害的静电场的存在。测量是最稳妥的方法。你确认和量化那些真正需要静电保护的区域，允许你集中在那些最为关注的区域。另外，你可以确认那些不会产生ESD危害的区域，节省你做那些不必要保护的花费。

 

For example, the use of ESD field (meter) to detect whether there is a potential for the existence of a static electric field. Measurement is the most reliable method. You identify and quantify the areas that really need to be protected, allowing you to focus on areas that are most concerned about. In addition, you can make sure that those areas will not generate the ESD damage and save you the cost of doing so.

 

这五条原则成为有效的静电控制程序的基础。它们可帮助选择适当的材料和程序，用来有效地控制ESD。在大多数情况下，有效的程序将涉及所有这些概念。在开发控制程序中，确认那些敏感元件、敏感的级别、和那些对其具有ESD危害的操作。然后看看哪个概念将保护到这些元件。最后，选择和实施可完成这个任务的程序和材料的结合使用。

 

These five principles are the basis for effective electrostatic control procedures. They can help to select appropriate materials and procedures for effective control of ESD. In most cases, an effective program will involve all of these concepts. In the development of control procedures, to confirm those sensitive components, sensitive level, and those who have the ESD damage operation. And then see which concept will protect these components. Finally, the selection and implementation of this task can be accomplished using a combination of procedures and materials.